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the bedrock

breccia

sharp chips · arch rock is made of this

breccia, illustrated

The tell

Angular chips re-cemented into one stone: the anti-conglomerate. Every fragment keeps its corners, because nothing got tumbled round before the rock healed back together. Round pebbles means conglomerate; sharp shards means breccia.

The chips are usually all one rock, broken in place and glued by later minerals, where conglomerate gathers pebbles of everything. The famous one here is the Mackinac Breccia at the Straits: Silurian and Devonian rock that collapsed into the holes left when groundwater dissolved the salt beds underneath it, then healed back together. Look at St. Ignace, Mackinac Island and Bois Blanc.

What it gets mistaken for

The facts

Put it on the shelf

Every stone on this chart is drawn and kiss-cut at three inches. The rarer the stone, the fewer exist: only 1000 breccia will ever be printed, then the run is retired.

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